What is Mpox Virus?

Mpox, formerly known as monkeypox, is a viral disease caused by the monkeypox virus, which belongs to the Orthopoxvirus genus, the same family that includes the smallpox virus. The disease is considered rare but can be serious, particularly in vulnerable populations.

What is Mpox Virus?

Transmission and Symptoms

Mpox is primarily a zoonotic disease, meaning it can be transmitted between animals and humans. The virus is believed to be present in various small mammals, including rodents and monkeys, although its natural reservoir remains unknown.

Human-to-human transmission occurs mainly through close contact, which includes skin-to-skin contact, intimate interactions, and prolonged face-to-face contact. The virus can also spread indirectly through contaminated surfaces or materials.

Symptoms typically begin with flu-like signs such as fever, headache, and body aches, followed by swollen lymph nodes and a characteristic rash that progresses through several stages, including the formation of scabs. Some individuals may be asymptomatic or show mild symptoms.

Recent Outbreaks

A significant global outbreak of mpox began in 2022, with a notable increase in cases reported outside of endemic regions, particularly among men who have sex with men. This outbreak has raised concerns due to the virus’s unusual behavior, including its ability to spread more easily among people than previously observed.

Prevention and Treatment

Currently, there is no proven treatment specifically for mpox, and management focuses on alleviating symptoms. Vaccination is available, with the JYNNEOS vaccine being approved for high-risk individuals. Antiviral medications developed for smallpox may also be effective against mpox.

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In summary, mpox is a viral illness with significant public health implications, particularly in light of recent outbreaks. Awareness of its transmission methods and symptoms is crucial for prevention and control.

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4 thoughts on “What is Mpox Virus?

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